a matter of fact, became as Admah and Zeboiim. The final outcome was tragedy. (Macintosh 1997: 462) But that misses Hosea’s point. Samaria and Ephraim fell, as said right here at 11:11. But his people were not made like Admah and Zeboiim—at least not in the rhetorical-theological sense. The outcome of Admah and Zeboiim was not simply a tragedy; it was a complete ending. And this will not be the fate of YHWH’s people (so Redak; cf. Jer. 4:27; 5:10, 18; 30:11). Further, to say with Macintosh that the
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